The New York Journal American was a newspaper A newspaper is a regularly scheduled publication containing news, information, and advertising. By 2007 there were 6580 daily newspapers in the world selling 395 million copies a day (55 million in the U.S). The worldwide recession of 2008, combined with the rapid growth of web-based alternatives, caused a serious decline in advertising and published from 1937 to 1966. The Journal American was the product of a merger between two New York newspapers owned by William Randolph Hearst Hearst was born in San Francisco to millionaire mining engineer George Hearst and Phoebe Apperson Hearst. Following preparation at St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire, he enrolled in the Harvard College class of 1885, where he was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity , the A.D. Club (a prestigious Harvard Final club), and of the: The New York American (originally the New York Journal, renamed American in 1901), a morning paper, and the New York Evening Journal, an afternoon paper. Both were published by Hearst from 1895-1937. The Journal American was an afternoon publication. It was at this newspaper that the phrase "Bulldog Edition" was coined: in 1905, Hearst urged his editors to write headlines that would "bite the public like a bulldog."[citation needed] Hearst was already established in the newspaper business in San Francisco The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city in California and the 12th most populous city in the United States, with a 2008 estimated population of 808,977. The only consolidated city-county in California, it encompasses a land area of 46.7 square miles on the northern end of the San Francisco Peninsula, giving it a and ventured to New York New York City, which is geographically the largest city in the state and most populous in the United States, is known for its history as a gateway for immigration to the United States and its status as a financial, cultural, transportation, and manufacturing center. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, it is also a destination of choice to expand his empire.

Having purchased the newspaper, Hearst entered into a circulation war with the New York World The New York World was a newspaper published in New York from 1860 until 1931. The paper played a major role in the history of American newspapers, the newspaper run by his former mentor Joseph Pulitzer Joseph Pulitzer , né Politzer József, was a Hungarian-American publisher best known for posthumously establishing the Pulitzer Prizes and for originating yellow journalism along with William Randolph Hearst and from whom he stole both George McManus and Richard F. Outcault Richard Felton Outcault was an American comic strip scriptwriter, sketcher and painter. Outcault was the creator of the series The Yellow Kid and Buster Brown, and is considered the inventor of the modern comic strip. In 1913, McManus created his Bringing Up Father Bringing Up Father was an influential comic strip created by George McManus that ran from January 12, 1913 to May 28, 2000. Some readers, however, called the strip Jiggs and Maggie after its two main characters. According to McManus, he introduced these characters in other strip headings as early as November 1911 comic strip A comic strip is a sequence of drawings arranged in interrelated panels to display brief humor or form a narrative, often serialized, with text in balloons and captions. Traditionally, throughout the 20th century and into the 21st, these were published in newspapers, with horizontal strips printed in black-and-white in daily newspapers, while, and Outcault brought his comic strip "The Yellow Kid The Yellow Kid emerged as the lead character in Hogan's Alley drawn by Richard F. Outcault, which became one of the first Sunday supplement comic strips in an American newspaper although its graphical layout had already been thoroughly established in political and other entertainment cartoons. The Yellow Kid was a bald, snaggle-toothed child with" to the New York Journal. This was one of the first comic strips to be printed in color and gave rise to the phrase yellow journalism Yellow journalism or the yellow press is a type of journalism that presents little or no legitimate well-researched news and instead uses eye-catching headlines and sensationalised stories to sell more newspapers. It sometimes also deceives the audience it is intended for. It may feature exaggerations of news events, scandal-mongering,, used to describe the sensationalist and often dishonest articles, which helped, along with a one-cent price tag, to greatly increase circulation of the newspaper. Many believed that as part of this, aside from any nationalistic sentiment, Hearst may have helped to initiate the Spanish-American War The Spanish–American War was a conflict in 1898 between Spain and the United States. Revolts had been endemic for decades in Cuba and were closely watched by Americans; there had been war scares before, as in the Virginius Affair in 1873. By 1897–98 American public opinion grew more angry at reports of Spanish atrocities, and, after the of 1898 to increase sales.

Rube Goldberg Reuben Lucius Goldberg was an American cartoonist, sculptor, author, engineer and inventor. Goldberg is best known for a series of popular cartoons he created depicting complex devices that perform simple tasks in indirect, convoluted ways – now known as Rube Goldberg machines. Goldberg received many honors in his lifetime including a Pulitzer was a later cartoonist with the Journal American. Popular columnists were O. O. McIntyre Oscar Odd McIntyre was a famed New York newspaper columnist of the 1920s and 1930s. The Washington Post once described his column as "the letter from New York read by millions because it never lost the human, homefolk flavor of a letter from a friend.", Dorothy Kilgallen and Jimmy Cannon, one of the highest paid sports columnists in the country. Beginning in 1938, Max Kase (1898-1974) was the sports editor for 28 years,[1] and the fashion editor was Robin Chandler Duke.[2]

The newspaper had one of the highest circulations in New York in the 1950s but had difficulties attracting advertising.[3] The newspaper devoted space to the Beatles The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960, and one of the most commercially successful and critically acclaimed acts in the history of popular music. From 1962 the group consisted of John Lennon , Paul McCartney (bass guitar, vocals), George Harrison (lead guitar, vocals) and Ringo Starr (drums, vocals). Rooted in skiffle, enlisting Dr. Joyce Brothers to write front-page articles in 1964 that analyzed their fast rise to superstardom. While the Beatles worked on the production of Help! Help! is a 1965 film starring John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr and featuring Leo McKern, Eleanor Bron, Victor Spinetti, John Bluthal, Roy Kinnear and Patrick Cargill. The soundtrack was released as an album, also called Help! on the island of New Providence in the Bahamas The Bahamas (pronounced /ðə bəˈhɑːməz/ ), officially the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is an English-speaking country consisting of 29 islands, 661 cays, and 2,387 islets (rocks). It is located in the Atlantic Ocean north of Cuba, Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti) and the Caribbean Sea, northwest of the Turks and Caicos Islands, and the following year, the syndicated columnist Phyllis Battelle interviewed them for articles that ran exclusively on the Journal-American front page for four consecutive days, from April 25-28, 1965.

Besides trouble with advertisers, another major factor that led to the paper's demise was a power struggle between a Hearst executive named Richard Berlin and two of William Randolph Hearst's sons, who had trouble carrying on the father's legacy after his 1951 death. The son known as Bill Hearst claimed in 1991 that Berlin, who died in 1971, had suffered from Alzheimer's disease Alzheimer's disease , also called Alzheimer disease, Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer Type (SDAT) or simply Alzheimer's, is the most common form of dementia. This incurable, degenerative, and terminal disease was first described by German psychiatrist and neuropathologist Alois Alzheimer in 1906 and was named after him. Generally, it is diagnosed starting in the mid 1960s and that this caused him to shut down several Hearst newspapers without just cause.[4]

The Journal American ceased publishing in April 1966, officially the victim of a general decline in the revenue of afternoon newspapers in the face of increasing competition from Walter Cronkite Walter Leland Cronkite, Jr. was an American broadcast journalist, best known as anchorman for the CBS Evening News for 19 years (1962–81). During the heyday of CBS News in the 1960s and 1970s, he was often cited as "the most trusted man in America" after being so named in an opinion poll. Although he reported many events from 1937 to 19 and other television newscasters who went on the air live in the evening.

While participating in a lock-out after the New York Times The New York Times is an American daily newspaper founded and continuously published in New York City since 1851. Although it remains both the largest local metropolitan newspaper in the United States as well as being third largest overall, behind The Wall Street Journal and USA Today, the weekday circulation of the paper has fallen precipitously and New York Daily News The Daily News of New York City is the fifth most-widely circulated daily newspaper in the United States with a daily circulation of 632,595, as of June 13, 2009. The first U.S. daily printed in tabloid form, it was founded in 1919, and as of 2007 is owned and run by Mortimer Zuckerman. It has won ten Pulitzer Prizes had been struck by a union, the Journal American agreed to merge with its evening rival, the New York World-Telegram and Sun, and the morning New York Herald-Tribune The New York Herald Tribune was a daily newspaper created in 1924 when the New York Tribune acquired the New York Herald. It was home to such writers as Dorothy Thompson, Red Smith, Richard Watts, Jr., and Walter Kerr and begat the International Herald Tribune and New York magazine. Publication of the title ceased in 1966. The combined New York World Journal Tribune did not start until several months after the April 1966 expiration of its three components. Its publisher announced that time was needed to sharpen its layout and contents, Although, after the World Journal Tribune finally went on sale on September 12, 1966, it folded after eight months.

Other evening newspapers that expired following the rise of network news in the 1960s donated their clipping files and many darkroom prints of published photographs to libraries. The Hearst Corporation Hearst Corporation is a privately-held American-based media conglomerate based in the Hearst Tower in New York City, USA. Founded by William Randolph Hearst as an owner of newspapers, the company's holdings now include a wide variety of media. The Hearst family is involved in the ownership and management of the company, however, decided to donate only the "basic back-copy morgue" of the Journal American to the University of Texas at Austin The University of Texas at Austin is a public research university located in Austin, Texas, United States, and is the flagship institution of The University of Texas System. The main campus is located approximately 0.25 miles (0.40 km) from the Texas State Capitol. Founded in 1883, the university has the fifth-largest single-campus enrollment in.[5] Everything else, including office memorandums, letters from celebrities, photographs, clipping files and indexes, was shredded in 1966,[5] The paper is preserved on microfilm. The newspaper was famous for its many photographs that were credited as "Journal-American Photo." The NYJA photo archive is housed in The Ransom Center at The University of Texas at Austin and contains both photographs and negatives.

Pete Hamill has portrayed the New York Journal American negatively in books about the New York of his youth and on the 1997 television documentary David Halberstam's The Fifties broadcast on the A&E Network A&E is a cable and satellite television network with headquarters in Manhattan and offices in Stamford, Atlanta, Detroit, Los Angeles, Chicago, and London. A&E stands for Arts & Entertainment, which, for many years, was in the channel's full title. The network also airs in Canada and Latin America. Hamill emphasizes the paper's vicious anti-communist stance during the McCarthy Era and its large headlines screaming about the dangers of "red" countries.

References

  1. ^ International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame: Max Kase
  2. ^ Larocca, Amy. "Robin Chandler Duke." New York. 19 December 2005.
  3. ^ Kluger, Richard, The Paper: The Life and Death of the New York Herald Tribune. New York; Alfred A. Knopf, 1986, p. 696.
  4. ^ Hearst, William RandolphJr. and Jack Casserly. The Hearsts: Father and Son. New York: Roberts Rinehart, 1991.
  5. ^ a b Israel, Lee. Kilgallen. New York: Delacorte Press, 1979.

External links

Hearst Corporation Hearst Corporation is a privately-held American-based media conglomerate based in the Hearst Tower in New York City, USA. Founded by William Randolph Hearst as an owner of newspapers, the company's holdings now include a wide variety of media. The Hearst family is involved in the ownership and management of the company
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'New York Journal American' Answers
Homework Help......5 Questions about JOURNALISM?
Q. 16. Two ___ who authorities say stole a car were charged Friday with auto theft. A. Teenagers B. Teen-agers 17. The New York Journal and New York World relied on D. ___ to sell newspapers. A. Political cartoons B. The "Yellow Kids" C. Sensationalistic headlines D. Yellow Journalism 18. When did television become popular in American society? A. 1930s B. 1940s C. 1950s D. 1960s 19. What continues to be a persuasive and entertaining force in American journalism? A. Political cartoons B. Television C. Newspapers D. Editorials 20. Which one of the following people and descriptions is accurate? A. Noam Chomsky - Resigned as Assistant Secretary of the Navy in May 1898; ultimately became the 26th President of the United… [cont.]
Asked by Sammy - Fri Jun 5 21:27:19 2009 - - 2 Answers - 0 Comments

A. 16.A 17.A 18.D 19.B 20.D hope i helped sammy
Answered by 120508 - Fri Jun 5 21:32:08 2009

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